Cooking is an adventure that involves various ingredients and techniques. One common question you might wonder about is does oil boil the same way that water boils. This is an interesting topic because it involves the chemistry and physics of these two essential cooking components. Understanding their behavior while boiling can give you an advantage in creating even more delicious meals.
When it comes to boiling points, cooking oil and water, differ significantly. Water will hit its boiling point at 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit), while various types of cooking oils have much higher boiling points. Moreover, the boiling characteristics of different types of oils can also vary, affecting how they perform in the kitchen.
It is very important to understand how water and oil behave when heated to better manage temperature control and prevent any accidents or unwanted results.
Key Points
- Cooking oil and water have different boiling points and do not boil the same way
- Various types of cooking oils can have different boiling characteristics
- Understanding how oil and water behave while boiling can improve your cooking skills
Boiling Points of Different Cooking Oils
When cooking and looking to boil oil, we’re generally trying to see if a specific type of oil will be able to handle what we’re trying to cook with it. Most of the time, we’re looking to pan fry or deep fry, which is usually done at around 350-375ºF.
The more important thing to pay attention to is an oils smoke point. This will help you determine if oil will burn or smoke before you can fry/deep fry whatever you’re looking to cook.
Olive Oil
When considering the boiling point of olive oil, it’s essential to know that it has a higher boiling point than water as per most or if not all oils. Olive oil’s boiling point is around 356ºF, which is starting to get close to its smoke point of around 400ºF.
This means that you can definitely use olive oil to pan fry and deep fry, but just be careful not to spoil the oil by heating it up too high. This will cause it to smoke and quickly ruin any food you’re cooking in it.
Sunflower Oil
Sunflower oil is well-suited for high-heat cooking. Its smoke point sits around 440ºF to 450ºF (232ºC), making it great for deep-frying, stir-frying, grilling, and other high-heat applications as you would’ve already reached the ideal cooking temperature at 350ºF-375ºF.
It’s more versatile than olive oil as you don’t need to be as cautious when cooking, as the smoke point is 50ºF higher.
Vegetable Oil
Vegetable oil usually refers to a blend of different oils, such as soybean, corn, or sunflower oil. The boiling points of these oils vary, and deep frying is mostly done around 375ºF; this is great as you want to stay away from an oils smoke point, which for vegetable oil is around 400-450ºF
Comparing Boiling Points of Oil and Water
Water has a constant boiling point of 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit) at standard atmospheric pressure. On the other hand, cooking oil doesn’t have a specific boiling point, as it varies depending on the type of oil you’re using.
Generally, the boiling point of oil ranges from 482 – 662ºF (250 – 350ºC). This means cooking oil can withstand temperatures higher than water before turning into vapor and smoking.
The answer might surprise you if you’re curious whether oil boils faster than water. Despite its higher boiling point, oil does not boil faster than water. In fact, water heats up and reaches its boiling point faster on average since it has a lower boiling point, and less energy is needed to heat it up.
Now, you might be wondering why the boiling point of oil is much higher than water’s. This is because cooking oil comprises larger molecules with more surface area, strengthening the bonds between them. It takes more heat and energy to break these bonds, resulting in a higher boiling point.
Common Oils And Their Smoke Points
In the beginning, I mention that the real trick to understanding and using oil effectively is to be aware of the different types of cooking oils and their smoke points.
This is because you want to stay away from smoke points and ensure you’re cooking at a temperature less than this so you don’t risk ruining your food. Below are the smoke points:
| Oil/Fat Type | Smoke Point (ºF) | Smoke Point (ºC) |
|---|---|---|
| Beef Tallow | 400ºF | 204ºC |
| Butter | 302ºF | 150ºC |
| Canola Oil | 400ºF | 204ºC |
| Chicken Fat or Schmaltz | 375ºF | 190ºC |
| Corn Oil | 450ºF | 232ºC |
| Duck Fat | 375ºF | 190ºC |
| Extra Virgin Olive Oil | 325-375ºF | 163-190ºC |
| Extra Virgin | 350ºF | 177ºC |
| Unrefined Coconut Oil | 350ºF | 177ºC |
| Ghee or Clarified Butter | 450ºF | 232ºC |
| Grapeseed Oil | 390ºF | 199ºC |
| Peanut Oil | 450ºF | 232ºC |
| Pork Fat or Lard | 370ºF | 188ºC |
| Refined Avocado Oil | 520ºF | 271ºC |
| Refined Coconut Oil | 450ºF | 232ºC |
| Refined or Light Olive Oil | 465ºF | 240ºC |
| Refined Sesame Oil | 410ºF | 210ºC |
| Rice Bran Oil | 450ºF | 254ºC |
| Safflower Oil | 510ºF | 266ºC |
| Soybean Oil | 450ºF | 232ºC |
| Sunflower Oil | 450ºF | 232ºC |
| Unrefined or Virgin Avocado Oil | 375ºF | 190ºC |
| Unrefined Sesame Oil | 350ºF | 177ºC |
| Vegetable Oil | 400-450ºF | 204-232ºC |
| Vegetable Shortening | 360ºF | 182ºC |
Oil’s Behavior While Boiling
Does Bubbling Occur with Oil?
You might notice that when you heat oil in a pan, bubbles start to form, just like they do with water. These bubbles are caused by an increase in kinetic energy, which leads to the breakdown of intermolecular forces in the liquid.
So, yes, oil does bubble when it reaches its boiling point. However, the bubbling process in oil is not the same as in water. When you see oil bubbling, it’s usually because a tiny amount of water is present in the oil, usually due to the food you’ve just put into the oil, and that water is turning into steam. So, what you’re actually seeing is steam bubbles rising through the oil.
A survey conducted by the USDA in 2020 goes to show that in olive oil, there’s no water present in the oil. This suggests that the bubbles are likely from the food you’ve put into the oil. Although, other types of oil may have a tiny amount of water present in them, causing steam bubbles to form.
The Verdict On Does Oil Boil
In your journey to understand the answer to the question, does oil boil the same way water does, you’ve discovered some key differences. First and foremost, oil and water have different boiling points.
Water will boil at 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit), while oil needs a much higher temperature to boil. This is why you typically see water boiling in daily cooking but rarely see oil reach its boiling point.
It’s also worth mentioning that oils have smoke points, a temperature at which they start to break down and produce smoke. These smoke points are usually higher than the ideal temperature to pan fry or deep fry, which is around 350-375ºF, this sits comfortably under the smoke point of most oils.
This is something to consider when selecting an appropriate oil for cooking, as a low smoke point oil may not suit high-temperature cooking styles.
In your quest to become a better cook, understanding these differences between oil and water will help you make better cooking decisions and give you insight into the science behind culinary techniques.
You can now confidently incorporate this knowledge into your cooking. Remember, a good chef is always learning and adapting, and it is very important to continually expand your understanding of food and cooking. Have fun cooking and boiling your oil!